While a cesarean section may not be part of your birth plan, your doctor may recommend one for a variety of reasons. You might need to plan a C-section if you’re pregnant with two or more babies or if you have a medical condition or infection.
If you run into an emergency during labor, you may also need a C-section. Here are a few examples of when this might be the safer option:
- Your labor isn’t progressing as it should.
- Your baby is in a bad position or too large for a vaginal birth.
- Your health -- or you baby's -- is at risk.
But there are still risks to both you and your baby with a C-section delivery.
Risks to You
As with any major surgery there are several risks associated with a cesarean delivery. These include blood clots, hemorrhaging, and reaction to the anesthesia. You could also have any of the following:
- Infection
- Surgical injury to your bladder or intestines
- Amniotic fluid embolism (amniotic fluid or fetal material enters the maternal bloodstream)
- Inflammation of the uterus
- Bleeding
- Risks to future pregnancies
Having a C-section is fine if you want to breastfeed. Once you are in the recovery room, you should be able to start trying right away.
Once you’ve had a C-section, you’re more likely to experience complications with future pregnancies. If you have a vaginal delivery after a C-section, there's a chance your uterus could tear along your C-section scar line. You could have problems with your placenta in the future or develop scar tissue in your pelvic area. But it is possible to have a normal vaginal birth after a C-section.
Risks to Your Baby
There are far fewer risks to your baby during a C-section. Babies delivered by cesarean are more likely to develop breathing issues, though, especially if your C-section is performed before 39 weeks. That’s because labor helps clear your baby’s lungs of fluid.
If your C-section is performed before your labor begins, they could still have fluid in their lungs, but it usually clears on its own after a day or two.
There is also a small risk of injury -- usually just accidental nicks and scrapes -- to your baby during the procedure. But they’re rare, as is the chance that your baby will have a bad reaction to your anesthesia.